A peaceful walk, a camping trip or an evening in the garden can quickly become uncomfortable when midges and other biting insects start to make an appearance.
Insect bites are usually harmless, but the itching, redness and irritation can linger long after you've left the outdoors. Knowing how to protect your skin before heading outside, and what to use if you do get bitten, can make summer days much more comfortable.
This guide covers practical ways to prevent insect and midge bites in Ireland, what to do when a bite occurs and which products can help soothe itchy, irritated skin.
Common Biting Insects in Ireland
Midges, mosquitoes and horseflies are among the biting insects you may encounter when spending time outdoors in Ireland. Knowing which ones to look out for can help you choose the right protection.
Midges
Midges are tiny flying insects commonly found around damp, sheltered and rural areas. Their bites can leave small, itchy red marks, with some people experiencing more noticeable swelling or irritation.
Mosquitoes
Mosquito bites typically cause small, raised and itchy areas of skin. They can be particularly bothersome during evenings outdoors or at night, making suitable insect protection useful when spending time outside.
Horseflies and Other Biting Insects
Horsefly bites can be more painful and may cause noticeable redness and swelling. Other insects, including fleas, can also cause itchy bites, so taking precautions is worthwhile whenever you're in areas where biting insects may be present.
How to Prevent Insect Bites and Midge Bites
A few simple precautions can help reduce your exposure to biting insects. Using repellent, covering exposed skin and taking extra care in areas where insects are active can all help.
Use an Insect Repellent
An insect repellent can help protect exposed skin when you're walking, camping, gardening or spending time outdoors.
DEET repellents are an effective option for insect protection, with HSE guidance noting that repellents containing 50% DEET are the most effective. Choose a product suitable for you and follow the instructions carefully, including how much to apply and when it should be reapplied.
If you're also using sunscreen, apply the DEET repellent after sunscreen, following the instructions on both products. Avoid applying DEET to broken or irritated skin, and do not spray it directly onto your face.
Cover Exposed Skin
Clothing provides an additional barrier between your skin and biting insects. When practical, choose lightweight clothing that covers as much skin as comfortably possible.
Consider wearing:
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Long-sleeved tops
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Long trousers
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Socks covering the ankles
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Closed footwear when walking through grass or vegetation
Take Extra Care in Midge-Prone Areas
Midges can be particularly troublesome in damp, sheltered and rural environments. If you're visiting an area where midges are common, apply repellent and cover exposed skin before you arrive.
What to Do After an Insect Bite
Most minor insect bites can be managed at home. Cleaning the area and taking simple steps to reduce swelling and irritation can help keep you more comfortable.
If you've been bitten:
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Clean the area with soap and water to help reduce the risk of infection.
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Apply a cold compress for at least 20 minutes if the bite is swollen.
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Avoid scratching, as breaking the skin can increase the risk of infection.
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Keep the affected area raised if swelling is noticeable.
If itching or irritation continues, a suitable bite-relief treatment may help. A pharmacist can advise on products that may be appropriate for your symptoms, age and individual circumstances.
Best Products for Insect Bite Relief and Prevention
Whether you're looking to soothe an existing bite or help prevent new ones, choosing the right product can make outdoor activities more comfortable.
Anthisan 2% Cream and Antihistamine Creams
Anthisan 2% Cream contains mepyramine maleate, an antihistamine used to treat pain, itching and inflammation caused by insect bites and stings in adults and children aged 2 years and over.
Do not apply it to broken or damaged skin, and always check the current product leaflet before use. Speak to a pharmacist or doctor if you are unsure whether it is suitable for you.
Other antihistamine creams may also be available for insect bite relief. Always check the product information for age suitability, application instructions and any restrictions.
Bite Relief Sprays
Bite relief sprays offer a convenient alternative to creams when you want to soothe irritated skin, particularly while travelling or spending time outdoors. Check the individual product instructions before use and make sure the spray is suitable for the affected area.
DEET Repellents for Prevention
While bite-relief products are used after you've been bitten, DEET repellents are designed to help prevent bites in the first place.
They can be useful for walking, camping, gardening and other outdoor activities. Choose a suitable product and follow the instructions carefully, including how to apply it and when to reapply.
When to Seek Medical Advice for an Insect Bite
Most insect bites improve within a few days with simple self-care. However, some bites can become infected or cause a more significant reaction and may need medical advice.
Contact your GP if:
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Symptoms are getting worse or have not improved within a few days
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The area becomes increasingly painful, red or swollen
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There is pus or other signs of infection
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Swelling extends around 10cm or more from the bite
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You have been bitten or stung in your mouth or throat, or near your eyes
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You develop a fever, swollen glands or flu-like symptoms
A pharmacist can also advise you on suitable treatments for itching, swelling or discomfort if you're unsure which product is appropriate.
Signs of a Serious Allergic Reaction
A serious allergic reaction requires urgent medical attention. Call 112 or 999 if you develop difficulty breathing or wheezing, difficulty swallowing, sudden swelling of the face, lips, mouth, tongue or throat, severe dizziness or fainting.
Enjoy Summer Outdoors With the Right Protection
Midges and other biting insects shouldn't have to put you off enjoying the outdoors. With a little preparation before you head out and a suitable bite-relief product on hand if you do get bitten, you can spend more time enjoying summer and less time dealing with itchy, irritated skin.
Explore Ballyduff Pharmacy's Insect Bites & Prevention collection for repellents and bite-relief products to help you stay prepared this summer.